A substance that is eaten, drunk or otherwise taken into the body to sustain life, provide energy, promote growth and other functions. It contains the essential nutrients that organisms need to function, such as protein, fats, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins. The origin of food is often associated with the geographic area in which it is grown or produced. Animals are an important source of food, providing meat, milk, eggs and other dairy products, fish, shellfish and insects. Plant foods are also an important part of the human diet, providing fiber, vitamins, minerals and healthful phytochemicals, especially antioxidants.
Eating a healthy, balanced diet can help reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, obesity, cancer and other diseases. It is also a key element to a long and happy life.
The basic principle is to choose nutrient-dense foods and limit those that are high in fat, salt, added sugars and refined flour. Instead, choose whole grains and fresh fruits and vegetables, lean meats, low-fat dairy products and healthy fats such as olive oil. Try to avoid processed and fast foods as they contain unhealthful chemicals, additives, and excess sodium and fatty acids that can lead to weight gain and poor health.
What people eat depends on culture and traditions, but improved methods of farming and food processing mean that people now have access to a far greater variety of foods than ever before. Food is a major global industry and provides employment in many nations.
Some foods can be addictive, causing us to crave them even when we are full. Scientists believe this is due to the brain’s reward system, which is activated when we eat tasty foods.
The 10 best foods for good health include: