Food is the substance consumed by living organisms to sustain life, growth, and vital processes. It is also a source of energy. The composition of foods varies, but the main components are protein, carbohydrates, fats, and minerals. The human body can convert some of the compounds in foods into energy, but most of the energy that people get from eating comes from calories.
Historically, most humans were hunter-gatherers, and their diets depended on the animals and plants that they could catch or gather in their natural environment. With the development of agriculture and animal husbandry, however, food became more readily available. This allowed people to live in one place rather than moving from place to place, and it also encouraged the development of cooking and other food preparation skills.
In modern times, the selection of foods available has grown even more dramatically. Processed foods are commonplace, and some of these can be very unhealthy. The term junk food is often used to describe high-calorie, low-nutrient foods. In order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, it is important to avoid these processed foods and instead eat whole foods that are minimally-processed.
Eating healthy can help to alleviate the growing problem of obesity and excess weight. To control your calorie intake, try to avoid overeating and only eat when you are hungry. It can also be helpful to eat slowly, and to eat with other people when possible. This can encourage mindful eating, and it can help you to feel full faster.
There are many different types of food in the world, and each country has a cuisine that reflects its culture. For example, Chinese, Venezuelan, and Italian food all have unique dishes that reflect their cultures. Immigrants can also influence the food of a region, as they may bring recipes and ingredients from their home countries with them to new places. For example, a popular dish in the United States known as chicken tikka masala was invented by an immigrant from Pakistan.
A well-balanced diet should include food from each of the 5 major food groups, in the recommended amounts. This includes fish, red meat, nuts, legumes, vegetables, general fruits, and cereals and grains. In addition, it is important to limit intake of sugary beverages and fatty foods. A healthy diet can offer a number of health benefits, including improved cardiovascular disease risk factors and a reduced risk of certain cancers. A good diet can also improve mental health and increase longevity. It is important to note, however, that there are a few foods that are not necessary for a balanced diet and should be consumed in moderation. These foods are called discretionary choices and can include things like candy and soda. These foods should be limited because they are high in calories, sugar, and unhealthy fats. They can also contribute to obesity and weight gain. As a result, they should be eaten only occasionally.