Food is anything that is consumed by humans or other animals for nutritional support. It can also be a source of pleasure and comfort. The human body requires a variety of nutrients to function, including proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and water. Eating a healthy diet that includes foods from all the major groups can help people meet their nutritional needs and reduce their risk of disease.
A variety of plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes provide important nutrients. A person can get a good source of protein by eating beans, peas, nuts and seeds, as well as fish, poultry, eggs, and dairy products.
Fruits and vegetables are important sources of vitamins, minerals, and fiber. People can eat them raw or cooked and preserve them by canning, freezing, drying, smoking, or pickling. Whole fruits and vegetables are a good source of antioxidants, which can help prevent heart disease.
Nuts and seeds are important sources of protein, healthy fats, and essential micronutrients. A person can eat them raw or cooked and include them in meals as snacks or in salads. People can also add them to yogurt to make smoothies.
Milk and dairy are important sources of protein, vitamin D, and calcium. People can eat them raw or cooked, and can also make cheese and other dairy products from them.
Sugar is a common source of calories but it provides no nutritional value. Eating too much sugar can cause blood sugar levels to spike and fall, which can lead to obesity, high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes.
Many types of meat are used as a source of protein. People can eat them raw or cooked, or can make dishes from them such as stews, curries, and tacos. They can also eat fish, shellfish, and other seafood as sources of protein.
A person can find a wide variety of foods at grocery stores and markets. Some people grow their own food at home. Others rely on farmers’ markets and other local sources for their food. The majority of people buy their food in shops and restaurants.
The best foods to eat are those that contain the most nutrients per serving. These include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meats, seafood, and low-fat dairy. Some healthy foods are also high in fiber, which helps with digestive health and may reduce the risk of certain diseases.
The worst foods to eat are those that are high in saturated fats, trans fats, and added sugars. These foods can raise a person’s risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes, and may contribute to obesity and other chronic illnesses. A registered dietitian can help people decrease their intake of these unhealthy foods and eat more of the “best” foods. She can also teach them to cook healthy meals at home and how to eat out at restaurants or on the go. She can recommend healthier alternatives to fried foods, such as baked or broiled chicken.